This exercise enhances Pakistan’s image as a proponent of peace and mutual cooperation, and provides a conventional counterbalance to enemy activities. As a coastal nation with a crucial role in the Indian Ocean Region, Pakistan’s navy has the opportunity to pursue diplomatic and economic goals.
Investment in enhancing connectivity and cooperation through exercises like AMAN and international events like PIMEC (2023) is crucial not only for national security but also for national prestige. Pakistan aims to make its adversary consider the status quo as an acceptable option and discourage any adventurous alternatives. The recent success of AMAN has highlighted Pakistan’s importance in the international community as a neutral mediator for rival states. The exercise also showcases Pakistan’s resolve to bring peace and mutual cooperation through its apolitical environment.
AMAN is a flagship multilateral maritime exercise that also includes cultural and sports events, further enhancing Pakistan’s soft image. With over 50 participating countries in the latest exercise, the message to the enemy is clear that Pakistan is not isolated as previously thought. The exercise also strengthens the importance of the Indian Ocean Region as the route for 70% of hydrocarbon trade. Furthermore, Pakistan’s use of naval diplomacy and its role in deterring the adversary is demonstrated through the participation of major global power centers.

While naval diplomacy has been an effective tool for Pakistan, there is always room for improvement. Engaging more members from organizations like SAARC and ASEAN in AMAN exercises could increase regional influence and the weightage of Pakistan’s opinion in these organizations. However, membership in the Indian Ocean Rim Association is hindered by India’s veto, limiting Pakistan’s role in IOR policy-making. To overcome these challenges, Pakistan needs to employ more effective forms of connectivity, cooperation, partnership, and collaboration in the Indian Ocean Region.