Pakistan, considered the fifth populous country in the world, the third-most populous nation in Asia and the second populous country among Islamic countries, recognized herself as a developing state in the map of the world, but it has been lying backward of each developing aspect such as, education system, heath factor, industrial reforms, low economy and including a peak poverty throughout the country. The country, Pakistan, has several cordial relationships with strong and developed countries and working with them, a lot of developing organizations help for improving her regional cooperation. Most importantly, carrying a huge project with a very developing country (China) with the worth of 62 billion is known as China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).
Although Pakistan makes a huge land associated with enormous natural resources in different regions including the province Balochistan, yet the citizens are far from their each and every fundamental rights and need. The fundamental Education of every child at the age of five to sixteen is clearly asserted in the constitution of 1973 Article 25-A of Pakistan. Frustratedly, there is a huge number of out of school children in Pakistan, government comes to power and expressing no concern over this alarming issue yet. Being out of school at the earlier age causes many prejudicial outcomes to the children as one of the abundant evidences is most of the out of school children are engaged with labouring at different workplaces like shops, garages as well as several children are involved in begging street to street.
As per the assertion of a report, Pakistan has the world’s second-highest number of out of school children counting 22.8 million children between the of 5-16 and representing total 44% of children not attending schools. Actually, there are two kinds of out of school children (OOSC) as the first is that “The child, who never attends the school in earlier age group and the rest of life too and the second kind of (OOSC) is ” The child, who attends the school at earlier sessions and gets dropped very soon). the children who never attend the school, The PIDE report discovered new a data”
Pakistan has never provided a chance approximately to 1 in 4 ( 23.45%) children of never attending school while around 7% had enrolled and dropped out in every year.
The children who get dropped after enrolment, a data shows, “The drop outs start to happen between 9-11 years of the age after primary school age.” The reasons are limited accesses to middle and high schools caused rising opportunity cost.
As comparing the four provinces of Pakistan, Balochistan is performing the worst regarding out of school children ( OOSC) by following total 44% of ( OOSC ). According to the report that in Balochistan, 64% of all out of school children aging 16 years never have attended school and the ratio of drop out gradually increases with proportion of age. Reportedly, Balochistan reports 50% out of school children in 17 districts out of 28 districts and the districts Shaheed Sikandarabad reported the highest number of out of school children recording 76% and following the district Sherani recorded 70%. If we open the gender proportion of OOSC in Balochistan, the girls face acute ignorance for enrolment in school. The number of girls out of school is far greater than boys. According to the report that 54% of girls are out of school as compare to boys whose ratio is 46%. The total estimate is calculated that around 10.8 million of girls are out of school whereas around 9.2 boys are out of school. The report further added that around 16 districts of Balochistan girls formed the highest ratio of OOSC.
The second province of Pakistan Sindh which has the lowest ratio of literacy. Reportedly, in Sindh 63% of all out of school aging 16 years have never attended school. Similarly the report shows that Sindh has the ratio of 70% aging around nine years and followed by 69% aging around 11 years. The report further cleared that the enrolment rate raises up from aging five to nine years and steadily falls down around aging 11 years. The same trends goes on for both genders with enrolment rates higher for boys than girls. To add more information, seventeen districts of Sindh have more out of school girls than boys while 11 districts of Sindh has highest ratio of out of school boys than girls. Out of 29 districts of Sindh, 13 districts have the out OOSC rate above than 50% whereas seven districts have the lowest OOSC rates including six districts of Karachi and Hyderabad.
The both provinces (Sindh and Balochistan) largely made the ratio of OOSC on its peak in Pakistan. The provinces of (Punjab and KPK ) are sufficiently stable and carrying minimum enrolment of children in their schools.
Hence, our government and consulted authorities have to understand the reason children behind being out of school in our country. According to the report that 87% of children are out of school because they declaimed about ‘ too expensive and 13% of children are out of school owing to many reasons such as lack of their own interest, unwillingness and etc. No doubt, getting higher education became so expensive that every poor person cannot educate their children and lack of awareness about importance of education is another cause of children being out of school.
In short, the government must ensure effective efforts for developing a well education system in Pakistan. Over the past many years, Pakistan has not been working to reform the education sector and children are moving above the head of bad evils. This is obligated to the government of Pakistan to accommodate education to the children according to the constitution. Over the new censuses in Pakistan, the population of children have increased over 63 million aging 5 to 16 years. But the public schooling system carries only 27 million of children, over 16 million of children are enrolled in private schools, madrisa and non formal educational institutions. At last, the government should own the issues and must express concerns over this issue.