We can make some estimations based on national data and the demographics of Balochistan. Pakistan has a high prevalence of smoking, with around 19.1% of adults identified as smokers according to recent studies.  Balochistan, being one of the provinces, would likely follow similar trends, although local cultural and socio-economic factors could influence the rates. With a population of about 12.34 million people, if we apply the national smoking prevalence rate, approximately 2.35 million individuals in Balochistan could be smokers. For a more precise figure and to understand specific regional variances, more targeted local surveys and studies are required. National health surveys and research conducted by institutions focusing on public health in Pakistan would provide better insights into these figures. Smuggled cigarettes are a significant issue in Quetta and Balochistan, contributing to the high prevalence of smoking in the region. These illegal cigarettes are often sold at lower prices because they avoid taxation, making them more accessible and affordable, particularly to lower-income individuals. This easy access undermines public health efforts to reduce smoking rates. Smuggled cigarettes are cheaper since they do not include the cost of taxes. This price difference makes them more attractive, especially to young people and those with limited financial resources. The affordability of these cigarettes perpetuates the habit among existing smokers and makes it easier for new smokers to start. Smuggled cigarettes often bypass quality controls and regulatory measures, potentially making them more harmful. They do not comply with packaging laws that mandate health warnings, which can mislead consumers about the dangers of smoking. Without these warnings, smokers may underestimate the risks associated with smoking. Porous borders with Afghanistan and Iran facilitate the illegal trade of cigarettes. This smuggling network ensures a steady supply of cheaper cigarettes. The availability of smuggled cigarettes makes it harder for public health campaigns to succeed, as the efforts to reduce supply through regulation are constantly undermined. The high profit margins associated with smuggling cigarettes create a robust black market, making it challenging for authorities to curb this illegal trade. Smugglers are motivated by significant financial gains, perpetuating the cycle of supply and demand for illicit cigarettes. Enhancing surveillance and law enforcement at borders can reduce the inflow of smuggled cigarettes. This can be achieved through better technology, increased manpower, and cooperation with neighboring countries. Effective border controls would help to intercept illegal shipments before they enter the market. While higher taxes on legal cigarettes can reduce consumption, they can also inadvertently increase smuggling if not accompanied by robust anti-smuggling measures. A balanced approach that includes both taxation and anti-smuggling efforts is necessary. Policies should be designed to minimize the economic incentive for smuggling while still discouraging smoking through price mechanisms. Combating the sale of smuggled cigarettes requires a multifaceted approach involving stricter law enforcement, public education, and supportive health policies. By addressing both the supply and demand sides of the issue, Balochistan can reduce the prevalence of smoking and improve public health outcomes. The health and economic benefits of reducing smoking prevalence are substantial, making it imperative to tackle the issue of smuggled cigarettes head on.